Samanburður af ammoníak köfnunarefni meðferð aðferðir iðnaður skólp

In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's social economy, there has been a huge demand for mineral resources, especially rare earth resources. However, a large amount of high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater is produced dur the rare earth smelting process. my land hefur innlimað ammoníak köfnunarefni í the "Ttólfta Fimm-ára áætlun" takmarkandi stjórn vísar fyrir umhverfis mengunarvalda, og hefur mótað strangari staðlar fyrir skólp losun in áliðnaður Áliðnaður. It is stipulated that start from 2012, the direct discharge standard of ammonia nitrogen in lead and zinc industry wastewater must be controlled at 8 mg /L or less. In this context, how to choose an efficient and economical method to deal with it has become the focus of water pollution control engineering technology research.

At present, the methods of industrial ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment mainly include physical and chemical methods and biological methods, among which, the commonly used stripping method, adsorption method, membrane technology, chemical precipitation method, and chemical oxidation method belong to physical and chemical methods. Biological methods can be divided into traditional nitrification and denitrification methods, new short-range nitrification and denitrification methods, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification methods, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation methods.

However, due to the different water quality indicators and the limitation of process conditions, the treatment technologies used for different types of wastewater are very different. method, chemical precipitation-biological method, etc.; and in the treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater, considering cost and benefit issues, adsorption method and biological method are often used. The editor will analyze and summarize the different treatment technologies and their effects of ammonia nitrogen-containing wastewater, so as to provide reference for the selection of process methods and design parameters in the process of industrial treatment.


Hástyrkur ammoníak köfnunarefni frárennslisvatn vísar til fráveituvatns með a massa þéttni af ammoníak köfnunarefni meiri en 500mg/L. Með the þróun of industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, food and pharmaceuticals, and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the content of ammonia nitrogen in industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage has risen sharply, showing that there are many sources of ammonia nitrogen pollution, large emissions, and the concentration of emissions has increased. great features. At present, the treatment technologies for high ammonia nitrogen wastewater mainly use stripping method, chemical precipitation method and so on.

Strípun aðferð

The basic principle of stripping method is gas-liquid phase equilibrium and mass transfer velocity theory. Adjust the pH of ammoníak köfnunarefni frárennslisvatn to alkalín, at þetta tími, ammoníum jónir eru umbreytt í ammoníak sameindir, og þá gas is kynnt í vatnið til gera það að fullu snertingu með the vökva, og the uppleyst gas og rokgjarnt ammoníak sameindir in útsogsvatn gegnumstreymis gas-vökvi viðmót viðmót turn í í to gas fasi, so as to achieve the tilgangur af fjarlægja ammoníak köfnunarefni. Algengt notað loft or vatn gufu as burðarefni gas, the fyrrverandi er er kallað loft stripping, og the síðarnefnda is kallað gufu strippun.
The steam stripping method has high efficiency, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen can reach more than 90 percent , but it consumes a lot of energy. It is generally used in steelmaking, chemical fertilizer, petrochemical and other industries. Its advantage is that ammonia can be recycled and recycled after stripping treatment. Ammonia water with an ammonia mass fraction of more than 30 percent . Although the efficiency of the air stripping method is lower than that of the steam method, it has low energy consumption, simple equipment and convenient operation. When the total amount of ammonia nitrogen is not high, it is more economical to use the air stripping method. At the same time, sulfuric acid can be used as an absorbent to absorb the stripped ammonia nitrogen, and the ammonium sulfate produced can be made into fertilizer. But in the large-scale ammonia stripping-stripping tower production process, scale generation is a more difficult problem. The problem of soft scale can be effectively solved by installing a spray water system, but for hard scale, the spray device cannot eliminate it. In addition, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is low at low temperature, and the stripped gas forms secondary pollution. Therefore, the stripping method is generally used in combination with other ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment methods, and the stripping method is used to pretreat high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater.

Íðefni útfelling aðferð (magnesíum ammóníum fosfat útfelling aðferð)
The principle of the chemical precipitation method is to add agents containing Mg2 plus and PO43- to the ammoníak köfnunarefni skólp, so that ammoníak köfnunarefni og fosfór in the skólp eru útfellingar in form of struvite (magnesíum ammóníum fosfat), og the köfnunarefni og fosfór in the skólp eru endurheimt at sama tíma .
kostir af the efnafræðilegri úrkomu aðferð eru aðallega as fylgir: the ferli hönnun og rekstur eru tiltölulega einfalt; the viðbrögð er stöðugt, less affected by the external environment, and the impact resistance is strong; the denitrification rate is high, the effect is obvious, and the generated magnesium ammonium phosphate can be used as an inorganic compound fertilizer. It solves the problems of nitrogen recovery and secondary pollution, and has good economic and environmental benefits.

Lágur styrkur ammoníak köfnunarefni iðnaður skólp meðhöndlun tækni
Vegna til tækni og meðhöndlunar kostnaðar ástæðna, margra fyrirtækja in okkar lands eingöngu flutnings útfærslu háþróaðrar meðhöndlunar of COD þegar affermingar skólp, en oft ignore the treatment of lágstyrks ammoníaks köfnunarefnis. TThere are tveir main components of ammoníak köfnunarefni in úrgangsvatn, one is ammoníak köfnunarefni myndað by ammoníak vatn, og annað er ammoníak köfnunarefni myndað by ólífrænt ammoníak, aðallega ammóníum súlfat og ammóníum klóríð. Ammóníak köfnunarefni is einn af mikilvægir þættir það orsök of of vatn líkhlot. Hvenær þetta tegund af skólp is endurunnið, it mun einnig orsök tæring til málmur í leiðsla, stytta lífið of búnaður og leiðslur, og hækka viðhald kostnaður. At present, the technologies algengt notað in iðnaðurinn til deal með lágstyrkur ammoníak köfnunarefni aðallega fela í sér ásog aðferð, brotpunktur klórun aðferð% 2c líffræðileg aðferð, himna tækni, o.s.frv.

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